Leadership Style of Sir Richard Branson Essay Example

Initiative Style of Sir Richard Branson Essay IT IS VERY COMMON to hear that legislature would run better on the off chance that it were increasingly professional. I feel that is right. In any case, I will reverse the situation on that suggestion. I accept that business would profit by taking in some administration exercises from a shockingly talented legislative executiveRonald Reagan. Those of us who had the favorable luck of working for President Reagan saw firsthand the powerful administration style of a bizarrely fruitful CEO. Here are 10 exercises that I gained from watching him in real life. Exercise 1: Set Clear and Attainable Objectives, yet Goals that Seem Difficult to Achieve. In mid 1981, President Reagan put his focus on a more advantageous economy with lower expansion and lower joblessness. The critics shook their heads. They just idea as far as an exchange off between more employments and a more slow ascent in costs. The skeptics were end up being incorrectly. Under his initiative, the United States accomplished both significant objectivesbut not without any problem. Beside the significant cuts in charges, the alterations made in monetary approach in 1981 and 1982 were at first difficult. They particularly incorporated a wide assortment of spending cuts just as a tight money related approach. All things considered, those activities prompted the longest peacetime extension in American history. All the while, the heightening twofold digit swelling that the Reagan organization confronted when we came to Washington has been transferred to the history books. Exercise 2: Choose Subordinates Who Share Your Views and Outlook. Contradictions on subtleties are unavoidable among solid disapproved of individuals. By and by, the group that Ronald Reagan united was joined in our commitment to bring down assessments, much more slow development in non military personnel spending, a more grounded military foundation, and a less troublesome administrative framework. We will compose a custom exposition test on Leadership Style of Sir Richard Branson explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Leadership Style of Sir Richard Branson explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Leadership Style of Sir Richard Branson explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Progress in every one of these zones was considerable during his eight years in office. Exercise 3: Give Your People Lots of Leeway and Operating Authority. For instance, those of us who set up the spending cuts had full attentiveness in amassing a yearning collection of spending decreases. In this way, President Reagan plunked down with us and inspected each critical spending change before settling on a ultimate conclusions. He was definitely not an elastic stamp. He didn't attempt to micromanage the dynamic inside every one of our offices, yet he considered us responsible for the outcomes. He engaged us to practice a great deal of carefulness. For instance, one of my first assignments was to play out a review of the American economy. No one in the White House attempted to re-think me. President Reagan made my review report open at a White House press preparation that we led mutually. My report made it understood: the American economy was experiencing a mix of illnesseshigh swelling and low development just as high tax collection, rising government spending, and over the top guideline. The president left the public interview early, and I immediately discovered that the inquiries would not be constrained to the declared theme. After he left, I was inquired as to why the president said he was unable to discover his checkbook. I addressed that, by and by, I designated that undertaking to my better half. That is still evident. In the midst of the chuckling that followed, I began to respond to another inquiry. Incidentally, I later discovered that President Reagan might not have composed a ton of checks, yet he utilized past Treasury money. He sent out a significant number $10 and $20 greenbacks because of some unfortunate letters he got. All things considered, Ronald Reagan was a prepared official even before accepting the administration. He had been the fruitful legislative head of our biggest state for a long time. Preceding that, he filled in as leader of the Screen Actors Guild. (He wanted to call attention to that he was the main leader of the United States who had been leader of a worker's organization. ) In the two limits, he drove the association during times of incredible outside weights while viably managing troublesome characters inside the association. Exercise 4: Strongly Back Your People, Especially When They Are Attacked for Trying to Carry Out Your Policies. Sick give you an exceptionally close to home model. In open introduction depicting the spending issues confronting the United States, I had the nerve to propose that yearly Social Security advantage builds (the alleged average cost for basic items modifications, or COLAs) were not part of a protection program. They were truly government assistance benefits paid by another person, for this situation the working populace. Some individual from the Con gress was so furious with me that he encouraged my denunciation. I was loose. The chances were that, if the issue could possibly do arrive at the president, he would simply have a decent chuckle. Obviously, the danger of my denunciation immediately dissipated. Exercise 5: Use Humor to Good Effect. Indeed, Ronald Reagan wanted to recount to interesting stories. One of his preferred ones concerned the kid who was burrowing through a fertilizer heap. His clarification for that weird activity was that there must be a horse in it some place. Be that as it may, for the most part the presidents reason for telling a funny story was intense. He was in every case too neighborly to even think about telling some exhausting individual to quiet down. Or maybe, he liked to hinder by recounting to a story. At the point when he completed, the conversation would rapidly move to another subject. On different events, when the interior discussion was at risk for getting excessively shrill, he would break the pressure by recounting to another interesting story. He had a profound stock of diversion, quite a bit of which drew upon his true Irish brogue just as a fine Italian articulation. In this manner, it was a genuine treat just to have an easygoing dinner with him. Exercise 6: Communicate Clearly Both Within the Organization and to the Larger Public. Ronald Reagan genuinely was the Great Communicator, yet the outcomes didn't come easily. Let me attempt to give you a thought of how the procedure functioned. His location to the country toward the beginning of February 1981 would have been the event for his openly spreading out what became Reaganomics. The way toward composing this significant discourse uncovered much about the man. He gathered a gathering of his key guides and speech specialists in his living quarters on the highest floor of the White House. (He regularly said that he lived over the store. ) The primary meeting was committed to building up the significant topics of that first huge monetary discourse. We as a whole gotten an opportunity to get our paddle in. At the point when the president was happy with the outcomes, he dismissed the gathering with the understanding that the speech specialists would stir up an unfinished copy of our regular considerations. The remainder of the gathering cleaned the speech specialists first draft. The reconsidered draft discourse at that point was sent to the president. He changed it in his own language on a yellow cushion. That is the reason his addresses were so persuading. After his transcribed draft was composed, the entire gathering reassembled. The president held the ace duplicate and he drove us through it passage by section to get our remarks. On a few events, I disclosed to him that an area was not exact. He never took advantage. All things considered, it was his discourse. He generally reacted a similar way, OK, how would I make the point precisely? That is a case of how Ronald Reagan propelled dependability. The procedure additionally indicated that his profound individual association recorded as a hard copy the significant messages was basic to the fruitful correspondence of the substance. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] At an a lot later point in his organization, the officials attempted to dispense with the provocative line from his essential discourse in Berlin, Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this divider. Cheerfully, the speechwriterthe president himselfprevailed. Coincidentally, in correlation I unquestionably was not an extraordinary communicator. Obviously, my activity expected me to make numerous financial introductions, both in the White House and to a wide exhibit of congressional boards of trustees and private associations. On one event, an unknown partner coursed a satire of my standard monetary preparation to the Cabinet. I dont think I truly seemed like that. Be that as it may, here it is so you can decide for yourselves: Economic information show a facilitating of the rate at which business is dialing down. This can be taken as plentiful evidence that theres an easing back up of the stoppage. Presently, to explain that, it ought to be noticed that an easing back up of the log jam isn't tantamount to an upswing of the downturn. Then again, its significantly superior to either a speedup of the stoppage or an extending of the downturn. Likewise, it recommends that the atmosphere is about appropriate for an alteration of the correction to loan costs. Presently, going explicitly to financing costs, we locate a distinct abatement in the pace of increment. This obviously appears there ought to be an easing up of the disappointment. Obviously, if the log jam should accelerate, the lessening in the pace of increment would transform into an expansion in the pace of diminishing. Lastly, the swelling of the downturn would transform the downturn into a downturn, while a collapse in the pace of expansion would give the impression of a downturn of the downturn. Exercise 7: Let Your Staff Do the Worrying; Thats What They Get Paid for. Ronald Reagan paid attention to the administration very. He may have left the Oval Office at 5 p. m. , however he went through hours at night perusing our reports and notices. I discovered that immediately when he considered one night to examine a notice that I sent him after 5 p. m. All the more habitually, he would remark on things that a few of us had sent him the earlier day as he went into the Cabinet room toward the beginning of the day. Maybe generally significant, in the wake of settling on a choice, President Reagan didn't ste

Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein Essay

 The chief has made it understood to the crowd that the film will be about existence and passing by having a sculpture of Jesus nearly toppling over, close to a huge figure of the messenger of death speaking to death. At the point when Frankenstein is uncovering the grave, he tosses soil over the sculpture, maybe speaking to how he has no regard for death. The props and outfits are utilized mirror the setting and environment. Dr. Frankenstein’s garments vary from the remainder of the cast, wearing a cravat and white shirt; the chief may have done this to speak to his higher status in the public arena, contrasted with the grievers or Frankenstein’s hunchback collaborator. In Branagh’s film the ensembles are on the whole fundamentally the same as, they have no significant impact in the initial four minutes considered. Anyway they help to keep in with the mono shade of the ice and pale appearances. These dull hues make an obvious and sensational complexity to the splendid red blood which goes ahead screen when the monster’s hand drastically shows up. The make up worn by the characters in Whale’s film is overwhelming, articulated and extremely showy; structured with the goal that individuals in the auditorium could see the countenances from far away, however on camera it looks misrepresented and over the top. Branagh has utilized make-up quietly and all things considered, making red cheeks to show cold conditions close by chaotic hair and bristly faces to speak to the period of time since the characters have been close to human advancement. Whale’s dramatic past recommends why all the outward appearances and developments are noticeable and overstated. In spite of the fact that Branagh likewise has a recognized history in theater, Whale was working in the beginnings of Hollywood when film was depicted a lot of like performance center on screen. In the principal close ups of Fritz and Frankenstein they are both wide-looked at which indicates cliché crazy lab rats and the two characters creep around the memorial park with emotional stage murmurs. The outward appearances and feelings in Branagh’s Frankenstein are far more subtle and it is because of this reality that there is much more change in feeling over a short space of time. During a couple of moments, the outflows of one character changed from dread, to pride, to fixation and afterward outrage. This feeling change is somewhat overstated to allow the crowd to draw in and relate to the characters. One way that Branagh lets the crowd utilize their creative mind is by his utilization of situating inside the casing. Most shots are firmly edited to the countenances so we can see articulations obviously. Notwithstanding, when the beast was murdering the canines, Branagh astutely cut the shots with the goal that the tension could be proceeded and drawn out. This technique for situating is a major difference to Whale’s. The greater part of the shots in his rendition are mid or long and there are not many perspective or close ups. This is halfway because of the absence of innovation and experience. Branagh may have utilized increasingly audacious and intriguing edges yet he has had 60 years of Hollywood to think back on; Whale was at a colossal detriment in this regard and this ought to obviously be viewed as when concluding who is the better executive. Whale did attempt to be daring in certain regards: he utilized a viable high edge shot towards the finish of the four minutes, it indicated Fritz and Frankenstein strolling towards the hangman's tree, which uplifted the sentiment of a difference in setting, and it unmistakably demonstrated the rough scene, which likewise expanded the feeling of dread. Whale has set the characters so they were exceptionally focal inside the edge. The camera adheres to the activity and tails it, much like on the off chance that one were watching a play, a strategy most presumably affected by Whale’s history in dramatic coordinating. Branagh’s altering is significantly quicker than Whale’s so this gives him more degree to change the camera edges. Nonetheless, the explanation behind this distinction in speed could be down to the settings of the pieces, not adequacy of coordinating. Branagh’s film starts in a disorganized tempest with bunches of activity, though Whale attempts to hint feeling of dread and moderate creepiness. Branagh attempts to make an enthusiastic effect and assumes that the crowd will comprehend and follow the activity, while Whale’s style is increasingly ordinary and his altering is utilized for down to earth purposes and to see the setting and to follow the activity. As a group of people in the 20 and 21st century, we are so used to the customary stun strategies, that we neglect to consider their impact in more established movies, for example, Whale’s Frankenstein. Despite the fact that parts of Whale’s creation may appear to be dated to today’s crowd, there’s a climate present that would be difficult to re-make, even with mechanical advances. Kenneth Branagh’s Frankenstein, for all its utilization of present day innovation, comes up short on the environmental develop that Whale’s appears to have. Whale’s film is increasingly similar to the nineteenth century novel; his style suits the moderate uncovering of story, as in the book, while Branagh passes on a feeling of activity and quick moving anticipation to fulfill the ever-requesting crowd. The quick moving activity implies that Branagh has not gotten an opportunity to develop a feeling of dread; everything is over sensationalized and with a quick pace. In spite of the fact that Branagh has to be sure made a climatic develop, utilizing all the advanced innovation accessible, James Whale’s Frankenstein has stood the trial of time and, in spite of the fact that it was coordinated 63 years before Branagh’s, has utilized the best strategies accessible to develop an air of pressure and dread. In the event that a crowd of people of today discover Whale’s coordinating more or similarly successful than Branagh’s then envision how well it would have taken a shot at crowds not used to this degree of loathsomeness inside a film. Show review just The above see is unformatted content This understudy composed bit of work is one of numerous that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley area.

The APA Style College Paper Sample

The APA Style College Paper SampleGetting that perfect college paper can be a chore, but there is nothing that compares to the APA style college paper. You may not know that APA stands for American Psychological Association style, but this style is used by most psychological publications. This means that the words used in these publications should be edited and exactly as they are in the APA style of writing.The entire basis of any paper sample is the word 'how.' It is what is going to tell you what the story is going to be about. Therefore, when you take the time to edit your APA style college paper sample, it will show you how to properly utilize the words in order to keep the point of the piece across.An example of this would be a student essay. When an APA style college paper sample is written, it will tell you how to use proper grammar and spelling in order to make sure the student has taken all of the time needed to write a flawless piece. The writer should take the time to edi t the sentence structure and make sure that the college essay is formatted properly. It is important to always have this in mind when you are working on a college paper.What about other types of essay samples? A few years ago, the high school and college essays were not formatted like this. But in the last ten years, the writing has become far more standardized style has become the norm. Now that there is a standard style of writing and editing for these essays, it will be very easy to find a perfect APA style college paper sample to get you started on writing your own great piece.In addition to this, the APA style college paper sample will give you ideas for your other essay topics as well. For example, if you are going to write a student essay, you will be able to see where you should place certain things on your paper. If you are going to write a research essay, you will be able to see where to place certain points of information on your paper. In the same way, if you are going t o write a paper based on current events, you will be able to see where you should place these different things on your paper.By taking the time to edit your APA style college paper sample, you will be able to get more from your paper. Your ideas will flow better than if you did not have the proper guidelines or examples to guide you. The writer will also be able to turn his or her ideas into a piece that is more interesting than it would have been if it was written using the standard style.There are many ways to write an essay and choose to have this format will not affect any of them. If you like to write essays, you will be able to continue to do so. Having an example will allow you to take your ideas and turn them into a successful piece.So the next time you are looking for APA style paper samples, consider getting a sample written using this style. Not only will you be able to write a better piece, but you will be able to turn your ideas into something that is more interesting a nd usable. Then you will be able to get more out of the piece you are working on.

Coffee and Starbucks - 1360 Words

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Company Profile Starbucks Corporation is an American global coffee company and coffeehouse chain based in Seattle, Washington. Starbucks is the largest coffeehouse company in the world, with 20,366 stores in 61 countries, including 13,123 in the United States, 1,299 in Canada, 977 in Japan, 793 in the United Kingdom, 732 in China, 473 in South Korea, 363 in Mexico, 282 in Taiwan, 204 in the Philippines, and 164 in Thailand. Starbucks locations serve hot and cold beverages, whole-bean coffee, micro ground instant coffee, full-leaf teas, pastries, and snacks. Most stores also sell packaged food items, hot and cold sandwiches, and items such as mugs and tumblers. Starbucks Evenings locations also offer a variety of†¦show more content†¦The Starbucks brand was regarded as one of the best known and most potent brand names in America and the company had firmly established itself as the dominant retailer, roaster, and brand of specialty coffee in North America. It already had over 1,500 stores in North America and the Pacific Rim and was opening new ones at a rate of more than one per day. Sales in fiscal year 1997 were a record $967 million and profits reached an all-time high of $57.4 million. The company s closest competitor had fewer than 300 retail locations. And since going public in 1992, Starbucks has seen its stock price increase nearly nine fold. HISTORY OF STARBUCKS Starbucks has always been a place where all can find the world’s best coffees. But in 1971, all would have had to travel all the way to the only store in Seattle’s historic Pike Place Market. 1970s The first Starbucks opens. The name comes from Herman Melville’s Moby Dick, a classic American novel about the 19th century whaling industry. The seafaring name seems appropriate for a store that imports the world’s finest coffees to the cold, thirsty people of Seattle. 1980s Howard Schultz joins Starbucks in 1982. Howard Schultz, at the age of 34, became Starbucks president and CEO. While on a business trip in Italy, he visits Milan’s famous espresso bars. Impressed with their popularity and culture, he sees their potential in Seattle. He’s right – after trying lattes andShow MoreRelatedCoffee and Starbucks1425 Words   |  6 Pages1 A. What is Starbucks’ â€Å"product† †¢ Starbucks’ product is a casual experience in a comfortable atmosphere where the customer can enjoy a premium cup of coffee and a newspaper or relaxing conversation with friends. B. What is their â€Å"core product† and what are the â€Å"auxiliary features† and benefits? †¢ The core product is a premium cup of coffee. The auxiliary features include the well-educated baristas that can help select the right cup of coffee and help customers learn how to reproduce the experienceRead MoreCoffee and Starbucks10899 Words   |  44 Pages.........3 Main discussion Part (1) Starbucks product’s competitive priorities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Part (2) Starbucks critical analysis, services and manufacturing strategies...5 Part (3) Product life cycle†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 Part (4) the flow diagram processes †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.13 Part (5) Tools and standards applied to keep tracking in the industry†¦..†¦15 Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.17 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦19 Abstract Starbucks opened its first location in Seattle sRead MoreCoffee and Starbucks2057 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ Starbucks: The best coffee, for the best YOU. Marketing Assignment DT398/1 Lecturer: Dr Daire Hooper Student: Tatiana Petruskova Student No.: C13337431 1.0 Table of contents 2 2.0 Introduction 3 3.0 Current marketing situation 3 3.1 Starbucks’s current position in global markets 3 3.2 Main competitors 4 4.0 Environmental factors 4 4.1 Micro Environment 4 4.1.1 Main Competitors 4 4.1.2 Customers 5 4.1.3 SuppliersRead MoreCoffee and Starbucks1515 Words   |  7 Pagesaccounted for the extraordinary success of Starbucks in the early 1990s? What was so compelling about Starbucks value proposition? What brand image did Starbucks develop during this period? According to the case study, the three factors that accounted for the extraordinary success of Starbucks in the early 1990 are as follows: a. The first factor was â€Å"the coffee itself â€Å"– Starbucks believed that they offered their consumers with the highest quality coffee which was sourced from Africa, Central andRead MoreCoffee and Starbucks2286 Words   |  10 Pages1. What factors accounted for Starbucks’ extraordinary success in the early 1990’s? What was so compelling about the Starbucks’ value proposition? What brand image did Starbucks develop during this period? Is the value proposition still valid in 2002? The extraordinary success Starbucks experienced during the early 1990s resulted from Howard Schultz’s passion and vision to create a coffee culture in the United States similar to the coffee culture he experienced while traveling to Italy. Schultz’sRead MoreCoffee and Starbucks2882 Words   |  12 PagesStarbucks Coffee Distribution Preethi Kasireddy [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] Network Preethi Kasireddy Esmeralda Ayala Ari Eryorulmaz Billy Jung [Company Address] Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....2 Background and Problem Definition†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...2 Current Situation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2-5 Demand†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....2-3 Supply SideRead MoreCoffee and Starbucks5999 Words   |  24 PagesCase #3 4/2/12 Starbucks Corporation Summarize the overall strategy of Starbucks Management in its effort to create and develop a new concept and a rapidly expanding company. The overall goal of Starbucks Management was to create an American version of the Italian coffee bars that Howard Schultz had experienced first-hand in Milan. He believed that Starbucks should function as an important part of the community, as a meeting place for its customers. He wanted Starbucks to become an experienceRead MoreCoffee and Starbucks1306 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Starbucks FDI† Case Study 1. Initially Starbucks expanded internationally by licensing its format to foreign operators. It soon became disenchanted with this strategy. Why? Because this strategy did not give Starbucks the control needed to ensure that the licensees closely followed Starbucks’ successful formula. Note: â€Å"Starbucks successful formula† refers to its basic strategy, which was: To sell the company’s own premium roasted coffee, along with freshly brewed espresso-styleRead MoreCoffee and Starbucks2488 Words   |  10 Pages2010 Starbucks Sourcing Problems: Trying to Find a way to Protect the Environment while maintaining a high quality coffee bean Starbucks Coffee Corporation is facing some strategic decisions on its current policy with regard to partnering with NGOs. Starbucks has a long history of social involvement. â€Å"CSR originated in 1994 as the Environmental Affairs Department with a budget of $50,000; by 2002, the 14-member department had a budget of 6 million. (Austin Reavis, 2004) Recently Starbucks completedRead MoreStarbucks Coffee And The Coffee Company1215 Words   |  5 PagesEnthusiast coffee drinker or not, people of all generations have heard of the popular franchise Starbucks Coffee Company. Opened in 1971, Starbucks started off as a single store located in Seattle. Today the well-known coffee chain has spread their name almost all over the globe. With over 21,000 locations in 64 countries, Starbucks is by far the largest leading coffee company in the world. Starbucks Coffee has different values compared to other coffee corporations that do not see the importance

Dreadful Freedom- an Essay Depicting Andy Dufresne as an...

To be a true existential hero means many things. The majority of a persons actions must be in accordance with the strictly defined beliefs of an existentialist. An existential hero is very conscious of the worth and impact of his choices. He is responsible, lonely, independent, self-reliant and free. Andy Dufresne the protagonist in The Shawshank Redemption written by Stephen King and directed by Frank Darabont exhibits these essential existential qualities. The movie has several existential themes within it, made apparent by Andy’s words and actions. For this reason, it is evident that Andy Dufresne is an existential hero. In existential philosophy, a great deal of importance is placed on the concept of choice. An existential hero†¦show more content†¦Meaning does not come from external events, forces, or material items. I could be argued that Andy Dufresne does not meet this qualification. Andy is not contented with the poor supply of books in the prison library, but rather sends hundreds of letters requesting money for more books. This behavior suggests that Andy places value on â€Å"thing-ness† a very non-existential trait. However, Andy uses the books to build for himself and his fellow inmates a great library where he teaches and helps many to get their high school diplomas. It can be concluded therefore, that Andy was not placing value in the thing-ness of books, but rather the self-improvement that comes from educating oneself. When Andy was sent to the hole for weeks, without the any of the external extremities that most rely on, the unnaturally long sentence should have been e nough to drive a person to near-madness. However, the solitude had little effect on Andy. The music inside of him was enough o keep up his moral. This is because, for Andy, his meaning is found within himself, an attribute absolutely necessary for an existential hero. Andy Dufresne is well aware of the control he has over his own life. His actions are not reflective of societies rules or conventions and he is conscious of the scope of his influence. Much of his life he has been lonely and independent. He does not value material things, and his meaning is found within himself. In

Inmates and Organ Transplants An Ethical Dilemma Essay

In today’s medical field there is a profuse amount of room for ethical questioning concerning any procedure performed by a medical professional. According to the book Law Ethics for Medical Careers, by Karen Judson and Carlene Harrison, ethics is defined as the standards of behavior, developed as a result of one’s concept of right and wrong (Judson, Harrison, 2010). With that in mind, organ transplants for inmates has become a subject in which many people are asking questions as to whether it is morally right or wrong. In the ABC News article entitled Death-Row Inmates Seeks Organ Transplant by Bryan Robinson, the issue of a death-row prisoner in Oregon, by the name of Horacio Alberto Reyes-Camarena, receiving priority over a†¦show more content†¦With the state funding health care for prisoners and the Supreme Court’s ruling, this does however cause a problem for physicians who are ethically bound to help all patients. â€Å"[It also causes frustratio n among physicians because budget cuts are knocking arguably more deserving donor recipients off the transplant list, and allowing prisoners like Reyes-Camarena to receive priority]† (Robinson). Not only is the dilemma of inmates receiving organ transplants affecting physicians, but it affects all citizens equally, as well. It costs taxpayers ten and hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars to provide one prisoner with a transplant operation (â€Å"Organ transplants for,† 2011). â€Å"Efforts to ensure prisoner rights have compromised the lives of law-abiding taxpayers who are the state’s main source of income when it comes to paying for inmates’ medical bills† (Robinson). The issue of inmates receiving priority over deserving law-abiding citizens when it comes to organ transplants could possibly be resolved satisfactorily. One of the ways this could happen is by having the Supreme Court make amends to its original ruling by going more in depth about the health-care criteria inmates are entitled to. Another way to resolve this issue, would be to have each individual state come up with various health care plans in which inmates’ would be able to sign up and pay for with the money on their accounts, or having family members or friends pay forShow MoreRelatedEssay about Organ Transplants for Prisoners1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the article â€Å"Wanted, Dead or Alive? Kidney Transplants in Inmates Awaiting Execution†, Jacob M. Appel argues that, despite the criminal justice system’s view that death-row inmates deserve to die, they should be given the same opportunity to extend their life as anyone else. â€Å"The United States Supreme Court has held since 1976 that prison inmates are entitled to the same medical treatment as the free public† (645). â€Å"When it comes to healthcare, ‘bad people’ are as equal as the rest of us† (646)Read MoreShould Scientists Create Artificial Living Things?1939 Words   |  8 Pageskeep them running for so long without maintenance. In humans organisms, they will typically renew their parts until death (Douglas, et.al,2013). The creation of artificial living things need to be designed to benefit others for it to be considered ethical. Depending on your belief can help define what is the meaning of life(Zemp,2012). We as humans were made by God whereas God helps us live an eternally joyful life if we establish a relationship with him. With artificial living things, scientists haveRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages..................................................................................... 250 Straw Man Fallacy.............................................................................................................................. 251 False Dilemma Fallacy....................................................................................................................... 253 Fallacy of Faulty Comparison .....................................................................................Read More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pageseffects are not confounded with those of the experimental conditions (treatments). Replication Ensuring that there is an adequate number of observations for each experimental condition. To illustrate the design of a simple experiment, consider the dilemma of Anna, a waitress in a local restaurant. She would like to increase the amount of her tips, and her strategy is simple: She will write â€Å"Thank you† on the back of some of the checks before giving them to the patrons and on others she will write nothing

Business Law Contents of Employment

Question: Outline and explain the contents of employment contracts and the legal liabilities of managers and directors. Demonstrate the ways in which European Union law affects the conduct of business in the United Kingdom. Identify and explain the main sources of law affecting businesses and policies relating to customers, related companies and employment. Answer: Contents Of Employment Contracts Employment contract is a written and documented agreement between employer and employee. It sets the basis between the two parties. Its important for the contract to be written because it legally binds the relationship and has a meaning and clarity to it. The content of the contract is based on the nature of the engagement (Chadbourne,2016). There are however some set rules and regulations. The employment laws in United Kingdom cover or provide minimum obligations and rights. The rights related to trade secrets, notice periods, duty to obey orders and these are only some of them which are common in all of them. A written and detailed contract is important because it helps to avoid any sort of malice. The contract contains: Employer and employees name Date of joining and beginning Pay scale or pay rate Hours of work Terms related to holiday Sick leaves Duration of notice before termination Title of job Nature of job permanent, ad-hoc or temporary Place of work Additional compensations and perquisites Rules related to Conduct Grievance procedure Pension term and schemes Termination and extension of contracts These elements are subject to changes by negotiation. Legal Liabilities Of Directors And Managers Companies Act 2006 under law has various general and common law duties that vested in managers and directors. They are legally bound to follow them. These liabilities majorly concern the internal management of the company. In case the director or manager fails to adhere with these liabilities, they are fined heavily by the law. The punishment can be as high as imprisonment. Director and manager is responsible for any act or omission carried out in the employment period. They are rarely sues in personal capacity for act or omission towards other employees. They have to make sure that the corporation tax is paid and make sure that the secretary is discharging duties regarding the same. If a director is found involved in any sort of fraudulent activity while the insolvency, he can be held liable. They must not be involved in wrongful trading. They must make every attempt to make the company earn profit. Director must pay company debt before its wind-up The must not breach the fiduciary duties confined in him. They are liable for any punitive damages. They must not make wrongful profits which are over and beyond his normal pay. They should not create private nuisance and torturous interference in the companys business. They is liable to make disclosure statements with absolute transparency. Director must ensure a transparent and correct prospectus is floated. Effect Of European Law On Business In Uk The European laws make a major impact on the way business in conducted in United Kingdom. Regulating taxation and spending By directives, laws and regulations Lending them support and subsidies Providing knowledge, and advice Employment policy Regional policy Inflation policy Training and education policy International policy Setting rule of games The government is creating jobs and encouraging business activities in UK so that its able to compete with other countries across globe (Businessforbritain, 2016). The government funs their research, training and education so that they are skilled and polished. Government also provides region wise support to those states who have low employment rate. It also makes sure that there is no sudden inflation which will shake the countrys economy. They do this by regulating interest rates to keep a check on rising prices. Lot of investment is done in education and training. They have vocational subjects in school to polish the curriculum. The tax contribution made by business is used for creating more business avenues and start new projects. The government promotes trade by promoting export and discouraging import. Laws have been laid down related to business conduct (BBC, 2016). The Main Sources Of Law Affecting Business And Policies Relating To Customers, Rated Companies And Employment Government is responsible for making laws for the safety and in full interest of its people. These laws determine and effect various people and bodies to which it touches. The policies and rules change on regular basis and this effects how company operates with its employees, customers and competitors. The economic policy brings with it various taxes. Taxes increase the cost of producing goods and services which in return increase the amount that the customer has to pay. Like Value added tax which is borne by the final consumer but the company has to bear the cost involved in this taxes business (Postgraduate Course,2016). The interest rates is one such factor. Borrowing money depends on interest rates. Rise in interest rates will again increase the cost of the company. The companies however benefit when the government spends the money collected through taxation by increasing employment opportunities (Business Case Studies, 2016). Even while hiring, legal aspect and laws are kept in mind. Few legal changes have also been made. Minimum wage has been made available to minors as well. Laws are enforced to protect customer interest so that they are not exposed to any corrupt practices. The law also entails fair competition and it does not support monopoly. These laws effect each partys interest so that no one is devoid of their basic rights and ensure no exploitation happens. Article. 267 tfeu treaty on the functioning of european union Art. 267 pertains to preliminary ruling. This ruling is a decision made by ECJ (European court of justice after careful interpretation of European Union law. This happens when a request is made on behalf of court of tribunal of a European Union member state. This article empowers a judge with two major powers carefully assess European Union laws validity and to interpret it. The objective is to promote sustainable development and bring about a fundamental change in business approach. It aims at creating sustainable values in business. There is no compartmentalization in making of the law and policy and its implemented beautifully (The student lawyer, 2013). The article states that if there is a question or issue raised related to the validity of the act of the body, union or institution is raised in the national court and its absolutely mandatory to give the ruling, CJUE may be asked to give the ruling. The court is of the view that its function is to give its interpretation of the Union Law or see about its validity. Its the role of the national court to apply factual situations to the underlying treaties. This law has a very crucial and critical impact on how European law communicates national and EU legal system. Its basic motive is to deliver decisions by aligning European Union and member states. It has been argues that the article is overextended in the context of who can refer. This can overwhelm the court leading to low quality of proceedings. The purpose of this article is to ensure the legal provisions are uniform across all the states. Article 267 has safeguarded the appropriate allocation of European Union law. It is helpful in a way that it brings about uniformity of law throughout the states. There is no divergence in the mechanism. The article also protects consumers and make sure that they are not triggered. It sets out a protective layer for the consumers because the law throughout the states have been unified and customer does not have to get harassed by different rules. The direct effect of the ruling is to provide uniform decisions across regional borders and there is no discrimination. There is bare minimum set of obligations related to setting up of a company, operations, restructuring and handling financial situations. The article provides uniform interpretation of law irrespective of the state and regional boundaries. Business operations are not restricted and happen in various cities and states. Hence, it allows them free movement, level playing field and freedom of establishment. Free establishment is a part where companies can freely pick and choose their base of operations without legal or political restrictions (European Union Law, 2016). There are however certain rules and regulation that are applied to them universal to each. In simpler words the treaty has made the business activity simple and hassle-free. It also has clear rules related to protection of environment that each business has to adhere to. No business activity should harm nature in any way. When the law kept no bar in the operations of business units they expected them to comply by not harming the environment. The European Court of Justice has made the entire process legal as opposed to Political. The treaty takes corporate go vernance, reporting and company law into serious consideration. The policies and treaties have brought about efficiency and competitiveness in the market and have changed business behavior across the nation. Academic scholars are taking serious steps towards educating people about the treaty in force. Alternative Dispute Resolution Alternative dispute resolution solves the disputes that have not been able to get solved through negotiation. This third party solves any problems related to supply of goods or services. It is provided by trade associations and they deal with disputes related to mediation, arbitration, negotiation, adjudication, ombudsmen services and conciliation (Citizens Advice, 2016). With the rise of employment its only natural for the issues to arise. Alternative dispute resolution strives to have a speedy decisions. ADR acts a third party that helps to solve the employment related issues. The advantages of using ADR are: Low cost Speedy decisions Informal set-up Highly confidential Consensus is encouraged Solutions include explanation, continued employment, apology The basic aim of ADR is to create a zone of potential agreement. ADR is beneficial in many cases but it must be carefully chosen keeping various factors in mind. There are times when legal course of action is required but that is only decided after the entire course of action is completed. ADR provides Mediation under Employment quality Acts and its a voluntary process of mediation. This type of dispute often requires a neutral person to facilitate the dispute where the individual helps both the parties to reach a mutually acceptable agreement. ACAS Policy discussion papers are formulated to speed up the debate and discussion about the key employment concerning issues. It covers a wide range of procedures and processes where both the parties have the potential to control the outcome. There is third party also that helps them to reach the agreement. Due to lengthy procedures and high costs, ADR and ACAS is coming popular. The main focus is that small scale industries are able to make use of it to come over issues (Europrl, 2016). There is however a low take up of ADR and ACAS. In smaller firms, usually its the tendency of the two parties to seek termination. Its only the huge companies/large scale firms who are interested in the benefits that ADR and ACAS renders. If ADR is used in the earlier stages of dispute, it can help the parties to resolve the conflict in a very constructive way without effecting the long term relation of the parties involved. ACAS also believes that managers must have negotiation and mediation skills which will encourage self-help. This will help the companies in reaching to a conclusion within the internal machinery. ADR can be brought into function at any time of the dispute. ACAS provided free and statutory services which they expect both the parties to understand in their individual capacities. ACAS provided collective as well and individual mediation. It also facilitates training related to in-house mediators. ACASs access to justice approach is gaining lot of popularity and prominence. Government is also taking interest to promote ADR related initiatives. It is gaining international popularity. Equality Act 2010 Parliament of United Kingdom introduced the The Equality Act and its basic aim is to make the anti-discriminatory law a little less complicated. This law served as a clear and streamlined system to bring about equality and enabled people to use the platform for any kind of biasness. The act deals with any sort of discrimination happening in the employment. It touches upon equal pay, sex discrimination, race relations, and disability discrimination. It strives to protect employment based on religion, belief, sexual orientation, age, disability, gender reassignment (Equality human rights, 2016). Pregnant women form a special case under Gender Protection Act. There are certain occupations that are exempted from this act. Entities that are protected under this act are: Employees Police officers Employment services Trade organizations Partners The Bar Office holders Qualification bodies Recruitment Local authority members Disability Age Sex Sex Orientation Pregnancy and Maternity Marriage and Civil Partnership There is a wide range of discrimination that is covered in the Equality Act, 2010: Sex Equality Act protects the individuals from relevant types of works, equal work, provision of sex discrimination provision, sex equality rule, sex equality clause, defense of material factor and sex discrimination in relation to contractual pay. Disclosure of information It concerns relates to gender pay gap information and discussions about pay. Pregnancy and maternity equality It covers maternity equality rule, maternal equality clause and pay, relevant types of work, exclusion of pregnancy and maternity discrimination provisions. Supplementary This includes comparators, interpretation and exception. There are however some elements that will not come into force and they include dual discrimination, socio economic inequalities and gender pay gap information. As an update to the system that the act provided, Public Sector Equality duty was brought into force and Commission Policy statement on caste discrimination (EU Law, 2016). The employers play a very significant role in this act. The size of employment is irrelevant and the law extends it to all employers with duties to ensure the act is implemented. Employers have to function under the act even if the employee is temporary, does not have a contract, business partner or trainee (Lexology, 2016). The employers have exact same set of duties towards all their employees irrelevant of how the organization functions. As an employer there is a particular conduct that is acceptable under the law. An employer has to refrain from any kind of harassment, discrimination and victimizing. Employers cannot justify their discrimination under any objective like indirect discrimination, discrimination arising from disability or direct age discrimination. An employer has to be absolutely transparent when it comes to recruitment. Employer has to avoid racial discrimination, disability discrimination, age disparity. An employer is allowed to ask questions related to health and disability. An employer cannot deny employment to a pregnant woman or he cannot deny maternity leave. He cannot deny flexible working hours to the employee. There must be no biasness related to promotion and transfers. Employees should be provided with facilities like access to technology, kitchen/pantry, washing facilities, parking, quiet prayer rooms and breastfeeding rooms. There should be appropriate laws relating to dress codes, appraisal and management. Disciplinary procedures should be same for each and every employee. The Commission plays a vital role is providing the detailed information to the employers. It provides guidance and Codes of Practice to the companies and firms. Proper course of action is also taken in case any individual wants to seek redressal. References Anon, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.chadbourne.com/files/upload/dandoliability.pdf [Accessed 16 Apr. 2016]. Anon, (2016). [online] Available at: https://businessforbritain.org/eu-excessive-business-regulation-2.pdf [Accessed 16 Apr. 2016]. Anon, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/Documents/Advice%20factsheets/Consumer%20Affairs/c-alternative-dispute-resolution.pdf [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Anon, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/sites/default/files/uploads/documents/Old_Guidance/PDFS/Business/your%20role%20as%20an%20employer.pdf [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Bbc.co.uk. (2016). How does Europe affect people's lives in the UK?. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/15443897/how-does-europe-affect-peoples-lives-in-the-uk [Accessed 16 Apr. 2016]. Businesscasestudies.co.uk. (2016). How businesses are affected by government policy Government influence business studies and business english | Business Case Studies. [online] Available at: https://businesscasestudies.co.uk/business-theory/external-environment/how-businesses-are-affected-by-government-policy.html#axzz461KUho6v [Accessed 16 Apr. 2016]. Contributor , V. (2013). Article 267 TFEU and the Overwhelming of the CJEU - The Student Lawyer. [online] The Student Lawyer. Available at: https://thestudentlawyer.com/2013/03/28/article-267-tfeu-and-the-overwhelming-of-the-cjeu/ [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Equalityhumanrights.com. (2016). Equality Act 2010 | Equality and Human Rights Commission. [online] Available at: https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/legal-and-policy/legislation/equality-act-2010 [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Equalityhumanrights.com. (2016). What is the Equality Act? | Equality and Human Rights Commission. [online] Available at: https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/legal-and-policy/legislation/equality-act-2010/what-equality-act [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. EU Law Blog. (2016). EU Law Blog. [online] Available at: https://eulaw.typepad.com/ [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Eur-lex.europa.eu. (2016). EUR-Lex - l14552 - EN - EUR-Lex. [online] Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=URISERV%3Al14552 [Accessed 16 Apr. 2016]. Europarl.europa.eu. (2016). Company law. [online] Available at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/atyourservice/en/displayFtu.html?ftuId=FTU_3.2.3.html [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Europarl.europa.eu. (2016). Small and medium-sized enterprises. [online] Available at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/atyourservice/en/displayFtu.html?ftuId=FTU_5.9.2.html [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Google Books. (2016). European Union Law. [online] Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=GjuNAwAAQBAJpg=PA173lpg=PA173dq=restrictions+placed+on+domestic+judges+by+article+267source=blots=q0NTl4NlyQsig=uC5fqvWaLMA56b-GCcZIYTMzi6khl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwjblbKTjpXMAhXMjZQKHaAoC-oQ6AEIODAF#v=onepageq=restrictions%20placed%20on%20domestic%20judges%20by%20article%20267f=false [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Google Books. (2016). The Greening of European Business Under EU Law. [online] Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=2UtWBQAAQBAJpg=PA194lpg=PA194dq=tfeu+role+in+businesssource=blots=I87pNjWIkUsig=s8srSjgoUuA3i3nkPeDbxtnFv1whl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwiGv7nrupXMAhVEJJQKHYa3A7kQ6AEIMjAE#v=onepageq=tfeu%20role%20in%20businessf=false [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Lexology.com. (2016). Alternative dispute resolution in employment disputes | Lexology. [online] Available at: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=a339aa0c-1973-4b39-9328-981adde1f1ef [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016]. Openaccess.city.ac.uk. (2016). [online] Available at: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/5846/1/ [Accessed 16 Apr. 2016]. Postgraduate-courses.net. (2016). European Law its Effect on Britain. [online] Available at: https://www.postgraduate-courses.net/articles/european_law.htm [Accessed 16 Apr. 2016]. WEHMEIER, N. and Press, O. (2016). Oxford University Press | Online Resource Centre | Essay question. [online] Global.oup.com. Available at: https://global.oup.com/uk/orc/law/eu/hargreaves_concentrate3e/resources/outlines/ch03/essay/ [Accessed 17 Apr. 2016].

Insatiable Emptiness free essay sample

This is a short read, and I have set twenty minutes aside to work on it. I could probably read this in five minutes but I am setting an extra fifteen minutes to re-read and take notes along the way. 2. The Title, â€Å"An Insatiable Emptiness† The title may suggest that the author will be talking about how much she enjoys revering in her misery. The title can be way of saying that she is struggling deep down inside psychologically. The title may suggest that she is writing about her desire for more of what she knows is bad but has a deep need for whatever it may be. It can also mean that she is depressed and suicidal, perhaps even a drug addict. Does this mean that she weathered the storm and is now better today? 3. The author, Evelyn Lau Evelyn Lau is a writer who was born in Vancouver. She has done work such as written poetry, books, short stories and even autobiography’s. We will write a custom essay sample on Insatiable Emptiness or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lau is an acclaimed writer whom has won awards such as the Milton Acorn Poetry Award and nominated for the Governor’s General Award. Her first book, Runaway: Diary of a Street Kid (1989) was a Canadian best seller and was made into a CBC-TV movie. Her latest book, Inside out: Reflections on a Life So Far, was published in 2001. Her small biography shows her to be a woman who is strong willed and has been through a lot. This may be an indicator as to what I will be reading, which may be an autobiography about her and perhaps her struggles with drugs. 4. The source of the article This is one of Evelyn Lau’s personal journals which appeared in one of her novels: Georgia Straight (1995). 5. Visual Cues to meaning There were no bold or italic words throughout the whole article, so, I read the first paragraph for visual cues. Through the first paragraph I see that Lau will be talking about her battle with bulimia and how it all started and what the results of her making critical decisions are now. I also see that she learnt how to make herself vomit easier by reading it in a woman’s magazine. This could suggest that the woman’s magazine played a hand in making her a full fledged bulimic because before she read it she â€Å"inexpert† and having troubles making herself throw up. Since this essay is an example of a cause and effect essay I believe that through reading the first paragraph that the author will likely be going through the process of her becoming a bulimic and the effects of it now. 6. Create a road map for your reading? Who did she hurt by doing this to herself? What were the causes and effects of her actions? Where did she go for help, if she did? When did this all happen to her? Why didn’t she get any help before it all got out of hand? How did she deal with her illness?

National Womans Rights Conventions 1850 - 1869

National Womans Rights Conventions 1850 - 1869 The 1848 Seneca Falls Womens Rights Convention, which was called on short notice and was more of a regional meeting, called for a series of conventions, embracing every part of the country. The 1848 regional event held in upstate New York was followed by other regional Womans Rights Conventions in Ohio, Indiana, and Pennsylvania.   That meetings resolutions called for woman suffrage (the right to vote), and later conventions also included this call.   But each meeting included other womens rights issues as well. The 1850 meeting was  the first to consider itself a national meeting. The meeting was planned after an Anti-Slavery Society meeting by nine women and two men. These included Lucy Stone, Abby Kelley Foster, Paulina Wright Davis and Harriot Kezia Hunt. Stone served as secretary, though she was kept from part of the preparation by a family crisis, and then contracted typhoid fever. Davis did most of the planning. Elizabeth Cady Stanton missed the convention because she was in late pregnancy at the time. First National Womans Rights Convention The 1850 Womans Rights Convention was held on October 23 and 24 in Worcester, Massachusetts. The 1848 regional event in Seneca Falls, New York, had been attended by 300, with 100 signing the Declaration of Sentiments. The 1850 National Womans Rights Convention was attended by 900 on the first day. Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis was chosen as president. Other women speakers included Harriot Kezia Hunt, Ernestine Rose, Antoinette Brown, Sojourner Truth, Abby Foster Kelley, Abby Price and Lucretia Mott. Lucy Stone only spoke on the second day. Many reporters attended and wrote of the gathering. Some wrote mockingly, but others, including Horace Greeley, took the event quite seriously. The printed proceedings were sold after the event as a way of spreading the word about womens rights. The British writers Harriet Taylor and Harriet Martineau took note of the event, Taylor responding with The Enfranchisement of Women. Further Conventions In 1851, the second National Womans Rights Convention took place on October 15 and 16, also in Worcester. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, unable to attend, sent a letter. Elizabeth Oakes Smith was among the speakers who were added to those of the previous year. The 1852 Convention was held in Syracuse, New York, on September 8-10. Elizabeth Cady Stanton again sent a letter instead of appearing in person. This occasion was notable for the first public speeches on womens rights by two women who would become leaders in the movement: Susan B. Anthony and Matilda Joslyn Gage. Lucy Stone wore a bloomer costume. A motion to form a national organization was defeated. Frances Dana Barker Gage presided over the 1853 National Womans Rights Convention in Cleveland, Ohio, on October 6-8. In the mid 19th century, the largest part of the population was still on the East Coat and in eastern states, with Ohio considered part of the west. Lucretia Mott, Martha Coffin Wright, and Amy Post were officers of the assembly. A new Declaration of Womens Rights was drafted after the convention voted to adopt the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments. The new document was not adopted. Ernestine Rose presided at the 1854 National Womans Rights Convention in Philadelphia, October 18-20. The group could not pass a resolution to create a national organization, instead preferring to support local and state work. The 1855 Womans Rights Convention was held in Cincinnati on October 17 and 18, back to a 2-day event. Martha Coffin Wright presided. The 1856 Womans Rights Convention was held in New York City. Lucy Stone presided. A motion passed, inspired by a letter from Antoinette Brown Blackwell, to work in state legislatures for the vote for women. No convention was held in 1857. In 1858, May 13-14, the meeting was held again in New York City. Susan B. Anthony, now better known for her commitment to the suffrage movement, presided. In 1859, the National Womans Rights Convention was held in New York City again, with Lucretia Mott presiding. It was a one-day meeting, on May 12. At this meeting, speakers were interrupted by loud disruptions from opponents of womens rights. In 1860, Martha Coffin Wright again presided at the National Womans Rights Convention held May 10-11. More than 1,000 attended. The meeting considered a resolution in support of women being able to obtain a separation or divorce from husbands who were cruel, insane or drunk, or who deserted their wives. The resolution was controversial and did not pass. Civil War and New Challenges With the tensions between North and South increasing, and Civil War approaching, the National Womans Rights Conventions were suspended, though Susan B. Anthony attempted to call one in 1862. In 1863, some of the same women as were active in the Womans Rights Conventions earlier called the First National Loyal League Convention, which met in New York City on May 14, 1863. The result was circulation of a petition supporting the 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery and involuntary servitude except as a punishment for a crime. The organizers gathered 400,000 signatures by the next year. In 1865, what was to become the Fourteenth Amendment  to the Constitution  had been proposed by the Republicans. This amendment would extend full rights as citizens to those who had been slaves and to other African Americans. But womens rights advocates were concerned that, by introducing the word male into the Constitution in this amendment, womens rights would be set aside. Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized another Womans Rights Convention. Frances Ellen Watkins Harper was among the speakers, and she advocated for bringing together the two causes: equal rights for African Americans and equal rights for women. Lucy Stone and Anthony had proposed the idea at an American Anti-Slavery Society meeting in Boston in January. A few weeks after the Womans Rights Convention, on May 31, the first meeting of the American Equal Rights Association was held, advocating just that approach. In January of 1868, Stanton and Anthony began publishing The Revolution. They had become discouraged with the lack of change in the constitutional amendments proposed, which would exclude women explicitly, and were moving apart from the main AERA direction. Some participants in that convention formed the New England Woman Suffrage Association. Those who founded this organization were mainly those who supported the Republicans attempt to win the vote for African Americans and opposed the strategy of Anthony and Stanton to work only for womens rights. Among those who formed this group were Lucy Stone, Henry Blackwell, Isabella Beecher Hooker, Julia Ward Howe and T. W. Higginson.  Frederick Douglass  was among the speakers at their first convention. Douglass declared the cause of the negro was more pressing than that of womans. Stanton, Anthony, and others called another National Womans Rights Convention in 1869, to be held on January 19 in Washington, DC. After the May AERA convention, at which Stantons speech seemed to advocate for the Educated Suffrage upper-class women able to vote, but the vote withheld from the newly-freed slaves and Douglass denounced her use of the term Sambo the split was clear. Stone and others formed the  American Woman Suffrage Association  and Stanton and Anthony and their allies formed the  National Woman Suffrage Association.The suffrage movement did not hold a unified convention again until 1890 when the two organizations merged into the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Do you think you can pass this  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Womens Suffrage Quiz?

Business Synoptic 1f Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Business Synoptic 1f - Essay Example Other major brands include Arrowhead and Perrier, baby foods like Gerber, cereals like Cheerios, ice cream including the famed Haagen-Daaz, microwavable food like Hot Pocket and Stouffers, health lines like PowerBar and Jenny Craig products, pet food like Dog Chow and Friskies, and professional food products (Nestle, 2010). With a few exceptions like Perrier and Haagen-Daaz, Nestle tends to target the lowest common denominator of the market, and most of their products are worldwide household names. They sell a tremendous variety of products, but all of their products have something to do with nutrition or food. They do sometimes attempt to control all sectors of the market. For example, they sell both the low-end Drumstick ice cream bar and the higher end Haagen-Daaz; similarly, Stouffers and Hot Pockets sell to radically different demographics. Nestle realized that their growth rate, while constant over the 20th century and producing many beloved brands, was unsustainable in the lon g term. â€Å"Nestle realized by the early 1990s that it faced significant challenges in maintaining its growth rate. The large Western European and North American markets were mature. In several countries, population growth had stagnated and in some there had been a small decline in food consumption. The retail environment in many Western nations had become increasingly challenging, and the balance of power was shifting away from the large-scale manufacturers of branded foods and beverages and toward nationwide supermarket and discount chains†. Many companies would experiment with different branding options, opening up new markets, new marketing schemes, etc. but would try to keep the core structure of the company intact. Nestle did these things: Its brand portfolio, as we've seen above, goes from luxury to bargain, is targeted at numerous demographics and income levels, and is increasingly expanding to try to get into different markets. Yet that is not all they did, and the ir choice of a new structure helps explain their success. Nestle's strategy for entering new markets and avoiding the inundation of existing ones is simple: â€Å"In general, the company's strategy has been to enter emerging markets early-before competitors and build a substantial position by selling basic food items that appeal to the local population base, such as infant formula, condensed milk, noodles, and tofu. By narrowing its initial market focus to just a handful of strategic brands, Nestle claims it can simplify life, reduce risk, and concentrate its marketing resources and managerial effort on a limited number of key niches. The goal is to build a commanding market position in each of these niches. By pursuing such a strategy, Nestle has taken as much as 85 percent of the market for instant coffee in Mexico, 66 percent of the market for powdered milk in the Philippines, and 70 percent' of the markets for soups in Chile. As income levels rise, the company progressively mov es out from these niches, introducing more upscale items such as mineral water, chocolate, cookies and prepared foodstuffs†. This is a disruptive strategy (Malstrom, 2008a; Malstrom, 2008b). Disruptive strategies involve creating a new market: â€Å"

Classical and Operant Conditioning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Classical and Operant Conditioning - Assignment Example For instance, wearing a pullover or a jacket for me would be a cultural response in a place that would be colder than the place I belong to. My religious beliefs too would be influenced by the place that I belong to and thus, plays a large part in determining my identity as a human being. The eating habits of a culture would refer to the manner of eating food and what it consist of. 2. Define, compare, and contrast race and ethnicity. Discuss the origin and history of each term, and discuss its social implications today. Where the word race originated from is unclear; however, there are speculations that it may have its roots in the term ‘razza’, an old Italian word that refers to the lineage of a person (American Heritage Dictionary). It is used today to distinguish between people who have similar gene pools and have certain physical features in common. Ethnicity, on the other hand, refers to the place of a person’s origin and is derived from the Greek word †˜ethnikos’, a word that means ‘people’ or ‘nation’ (The Free Dictionary). It therefore refers to a collective that is created as a result of political motives. Even today, the word is used to refer to the origins of a person. People belonging to the same ethnicity may thus, differ racially. Race is however, a biological grouping and may constitute a single ethnicity. 3. - Compare and contrast the three modes of food production strategies. Discuss the relationship between the natural environment and food production strategies. The agricultural mode of food production is the most common mode of producing food in the world. Hunting is another form, while gathering food can be another. While the agricultural mode of food production is reliable and ensures a constant supply of food, the same cannot be said about other forms of food production strategies. Hunting and gathering are modes of producing food that are largely dependent upon chance. Agricultura l forms of the production of food enable women to take a part in work outside the homes while the others, in most cultures, do not. All these strategies have the common factor of the natural environment from which food id procured. The amount of game that is present and the fertility of the soil of a particular place decide the strategy employed there. 4. Compare arranged marriages to love marriages. What purpose does each serve in a culture? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? Illustrate your discussions with specific examples. Arranged marriages refer to marriages that are conducted according to the will of the parents of the couple, while love marriages are conducted according to the will of the persons who get married. Arranged marriages are a means of procreation for a line without the person involved having to make any effort on his or her own. Love marriages, on the other hand, require effort on the part of both members of a couple. Love marriages are often use d as a means of joining two large fortunes to create an even larger fortune. Love marriages often defy the conventional arrangement of the society and the divisions of class and ethnicity. While arranged marriages ensure the survival of the line, love marriages ensure that the two people involved are comfortable with each other. 5. Define the concept of sustainability and discuss its importance in today's global economy. Use specific examples to illustrate your dis

Analysis of Indias Cosmetic Industry

Analysis of Indias Cosmetic Industry Cosmetics or Makeup are substances to enhance the beauty of the human body, apart from simple cleaning. Their use is widespread, especially among women in Western countries. Cosmetics, general term applied to all preparations used externally to condition and beautify the body, by cleaning, coloring, softening, or protecting the skin, hair, nails, lips, or eyes. Perfumery is usually excluded from the field of cosmetics. Although perfumes are commonly manufactured in coordination with cosmetics. The use of cosmetics is worldwide and dates from the remotest antiquity. Although it is generally believed that cosmetics as they are now known originated in the Far East, the study of simple cultures indicates that forms of cosmetic beautification have been practiced in every part of the world. The war paint of the Native American, the tattooing and scarification practiced by many peoples (the Maori of New Zealand and numerous African cultures), and the use of woad (a blue dye used by ancient Britons to paint their bodies) are all forms of cosmetic adornment. A large variety of cosmetics are generally available today. Cold cream is an emulsion of various oils and waxes and water; it is employed to cleanse and soften the skin. Face powder and dusting powder are based on talcum (powdered magnesium silicate) and zinc oxide and are used to dry and give a satiny texture to the skin. Lipsticks, either applied directly or brushed on the lips, are made of cocoa butter or lanolin and are manufactured in an endless variety of shades, as are rouges, mixtures of red pigments and starch or finely powdered clay. Bath salts and other bath preparations combine water-softening agents such as sodium carbonate or borax with perfume; bath oils are also a popular skin-softening and perfuming aid. Nail polishes are lacquers or plastics available in many colors. Hair lotions and hair sprays are used to condition the hair, keep it in place, or make it glossy. Shampoos are based on soap or synth etic detergents. Hair-coloring dyes, tints, and rinses, available in many shades and colors, are widely used cosmetic products. Henna is a vegetable dye, used for centuries to impart a red tint to the hair. Weak solutions of hydrogen peroxide are often employed as hair bleaches. For coloring the eyebrows and eyelashes, mascara is generally used. This is a compound of gum and black, green, or blue pigment. Sulfides of calcium and barium have the property of removing hair from the skin and are generally the active agents in cosmetic depilatories. Bronzes are creams that impart a color to the skin similar to that of suntan. Whereas perfumes are not classified as cosmetics, deodorants are. Deodorants may contain an astringent such as aluminum sulfate, which closes the openings of the sweat glands. An antibacterial ingredient, hexachlorophene, was banned from deodorants in 1972. Cosmetics and perfumery are by no means confined to use by women. Grooming aids frequently used by men include powders, colognes, and lotions, particularly alcohol-based after-shave lotions; bay rum, a mixture of alcohol, oil of bay, and oil of orange, originally made with rum; hair tonics, often with an alcohol or quinine base; and deodorants. Annual retail sales of men and women toiletries in the U.S. today make cosmetic manufacturing a multibillion-dollar industry. Cosmetics are designed for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness and altering appearance of skin. There are an ever-growing number of ingredients included in cosmetics that are purported to be beneficial for the skin, but often little information on these ingredients is available. COSMETICS INDUSTRY OVERVIEW The cosmetics industry is a $45-billion-a-year business with thousands of products embodied in 33 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifications (13,18). Cosmetics are defined by the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act as articles intended to be applied to the human body for cleaning, beautifying, promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance without affecting the bodys structural function .The key words in this definition are intended and bodys structural function. Intended use of the cosmetic must be clearly labeled and if the safety of a cosmetic product is not adequately substantiated for that intended use, the product is considered misbranded and may be subject to regulatory action. The physiological, or functional, altering of the body differentiates drugs from cosmetics. The FDA regulates this difference by not requiring premarket approval of cosmetics. At the same time, however, the FDA does expect that the manufacturer of a cosmetic has conducted toxicological and other ap propriate tests to substantiate the safety of the product and can provide this data if challenged by the agency. While it has become fashionable for some manufacturers to apply the cruelty-free label to their products (indicating that animals were not used during safety testing), this claim can be misleading. In vitro tests and other nonanimal methods for safety evaluation have come a long way and are being used in industry as initial screening procedures. However, given a new cosmetic derivative or a cosmetic incorporating a drug component, a standardized in vivo test, such as the Draize Ocular Irritation Test, may be in order. This in vivo test is still considered valuable in predicting human eye irritants when the irritation is subtle or when the chronic recovery phase data may be equally as important as the initial acute exposure data. Industry, in cooperation with regulatory agencies, has established multiple refinements to obtain the required data while minimizing the potential for pain or distress. Evaluation of the agents pH and the use of the primary dermal irritation tests are routinely used to screen out agents likely to evoke a response beyond moderate irritation (17). Agents having passed the preliminary screening could conceivably go on to the classic test but with the follo wing refinements in place: use of three animals vs. the standard of six; use of smaller volumes of solution installed in the eye; use of one animal to evaluate an unknown and await a response before continuing or discontinuing with the remaining test animals; and use, when applicable, of anesthetics in the eye (10). In part, because of refinements to the Draize Ocular Irritation Test and use of available in vitro methods, the number of rabbits used in the cosmetic industry between 1980 and 1989 was reduced by 87 percent. COSMETICS MANUFACTURING In the fast-paced and ultracompetitive cosmetics industry, the right color, special effects and functionality can mean the difference between success and failure. Engelhard technologists and market specialists understand this dynamic and are dedicated to helping customers create new and innovative looks and textures for their products. For example, Engelhard effect-enhancing pigments enhance the appearance, performance and value of a wide variety of cosmetic products, including lipsticks, mascaras, nail polishes, eyeshadows and blushes. Specifically, these high-performance pigments impart a range of special effects from a soft satin luster to dramatic sparkle, and add subtle dimension and nuance to matte-type products. Our performance personal care materials impart a range of important benefits to cosmetics. These range from providing sun protection and anti-wrinkling power in skin products to providing antimicrobial protection in a wide range of cosmetics. Some product lines include Reflecksà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ pigments and colors, which add brilliant star-like glittter and shimmer: Flamenco ® pearlescent and iridescent pigments, which provide a range of effects, textures and opalescent colors; Duocrome ® iridescent colors for dual-color effects; Cloisonne ® colors, which give lustrous and rich color effects; Pearl-Glo ® bismuth oxychloride pigments; and many others. Engelhard Actysseà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ BG performance actives can impart a new breadth of benefits to cosmetics. And, our performance minerals also are used extensively in cosmetic manufacturing. Products such as Coslin ® specialty performance kaolins are used throughout the industry to enhance oil and moisture absorption, skin adhesion and compressability. Other performance minerals such as mica and treated mica provide other benefits to a wide range of formulations. With such a diverse and technically advanced product range, Engelhard is clearly well positioned to help customers stay ahead of the competition. Utilizing Engelhard technology, customers get products that feel better, look better and work better. And when customers want to create totally new and innovative products and bring them to market fast, Engelhard is the only partner they need. CURRENT PLAYERS IS INDIAN COSMETIC INDUSTRY Baby Products Listings Futura Poly Containers Manufacturers and exporters of baby care products like feeding bottles, nipples teats, sippers, training cups, non-spill cups, sports bottles, bottle brushes, infant toys, teethers and pacifiers. Johnson Johnson Ltd   Suppliers of baby care products such as hair oil, baby powder and also provides medicines for a range of conditions in the areas of gastroenterology, fungal infections, womens health, oncology, nephrology, mental health, neurology and pain relief. RPE Group Distributors of baby feeding teething products, baby feeding spoons forks, baby teething toys, shaving products, batteries, emergency lights and torches. Bonny Product Pvt. Ltd. Producing and supplying baby care products like baby feeding bottles, nipples, baby teats pacifier, infant non topple tumbler, brushes, bibbs and key rattle. Bonny Baby Care Pvt. Ltd. Supplying feeding bottles, nipples, nipple shield, pacifiers, soother, sipper and other baby products. Cosmetics Toiletries Listings Hygienic Research Institute Manufacturers and suppliers of skin care products, lotions, moisturizer, cosmetics, hair oils, hair dyes, shampoos, hair care soaps and depilatories. CavinKare Pvt. Ltd Exporters of cosmetic products, shampoos, creams, perfumes, hair oils and hair-dyes. Raheja International Exporters of beauty cream, face wash, shaving cream, toiletries, talcum powder, nail paint, analgesic, lotions, toothpaste, detergent powder cake, incense sticks and kitchen ware. Bagla Co. (Regd.) Suppliers of nail polish, kajal, eyeliner and nail polish remover. D. C. S. International Trading Company Dealing in supply and export of indian human hair including double single drawn, remy and non-remy for making wigs, hair pieces, toupees, dolls wigs, eye leashes and other human hair products. Shepherd India Eximp Pvt. Ltd. Engaged in the exporting of human hair and also provides hair replacement. Raj Impex (India) Exporters of raw human hair, processed human hair and bleached hair in different shades/colors. Indian Hair Industries (P) Ltd. Dealing in supply and export of beautiful healthy human hair all over the world. Kuria Mal Gopi Chand Exporters of natural henna powder and henna based hair dyes in various colors including black, brown, chestnut, burgundy, mahogany, blond, orange, red and purple. Cosmotech Industries Manufacturers and exporters of talcum powder, nail polishes, perfumes and incense sticks. Pretty Maam Herbal Cosmetics Manufacturers of skin care and hair care products such as tulsi, amla, henna shampoo, aroma hair oil and aroma bouquet fairness cream, etc. Clarion Cosmetics Pvt. Limited Manufacturers and exporters of talcum powder and other fashion beauty products. Vicco Laboratories Manufacturers of ayurvedic toothpaste, powder, skin care products, face wash, sugar free, etc. Chandrika Ayurvedic Soaps Manufacturer and exporter of ayurvedic soaps and shampoos. Lissome Cosmetics Pvt. Ltd. Manufacturer and supplier of cosmetic products including lip and nail colours, face make-up, etc. Cosmetic Product study Fair Lovely Fair Lovely, a skin whitening cream, marketed by Unilever in many countries in Asia and Africa, and, in particular, India. Fair Lovely is indeed doing well; it is a profitable and fast growing brand. First launched in India in 1975, Fair Lovely held a commanding 50-70% share of the skin whitening market in India in 2006, a market that is valued at over $200M and growing at 10-15% per annum (Marketing Practice, 2006). Fair Lovely was the second-fastest growing brand in HLLs portfolio of 63 brands, with a growth rate of 21.5% per year (HLL, 2002). Its two closest rival competitors, both produced by local Indian firms, CavinKares brand Fairever and Godrejs FairGlow, only have a combined market share of 16%. Claiming to possess a customer base of 27 million Indian customers who use its product regularly, Fair Lovely has successfully launched new product formulations from lotions to gels and soaps. Fair Lovely is marketed by Unilever in 40 countries in Asia, Africa and the Middle East, with India being the largest single market. Fair Lovely is certainly doing well financially. Created by HLLs research laboratories, Fair Lovely claims to offer dramatic whitening results in just six weeks. A package sold in Egypt displays one face six times, in an ever-whitening progression, and includes before and after photos of a woman who presumably used the product. On its website the company calls its product the miracle worker which is proven to deliver one to three shades of change (Leistokow, 2003). HLL claims that its special patented formulation safely and gently controls the dispersion of melanin in the skin without the use of harmful chemicals frequently found in other skin lightening products. (Higher concentrations of melanin lead to darker skin.) Emami Hairlife Instant Hair Pack Emami Limited, the Rs. 600 crore personal care and healthcare major,launched Emami HAIRLIFE Instant Hair Pack nationally. Emami Hairlife Instant Hair Pack is a premixed, crà ¨me herbal hair pack enhanced with vitamins and proteins to make hair beautiful and healthy from within. Emami has identified such a need and now makes it possible with the introduction of a breakthrough hair- care innovation Emami HAIRLIFE Instant Hair Pack, which makes hair shinier, easy to manage and look like a million bucks along with revitalising and making it strong from within and all of this in just 10 minutes. KERAHERB11à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢, an advanced herbal formula, ensures optimum action in just 10 minutes, which helps those women who are hard pressed for time and are constantly on the move, women who want to fashionably turn up at every occasion and are looking out for easy solutions to make life less-complicated. CAN INDIA BECOME MANUFACTURING HUB FOR COSMETICS? Pros Cons of current scenario With disposable incomes increasing in India, the country is poised to become a manufacturing hub for global cosmetics luxury brands over the next five years, a report to be released Monday by the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (Ficci) and Yes Bank said. The report referred to the core strengths in Indias manufacturing sector, and said manufacturing of luxury items could become a $500-million industry in this period. This optimism stems from the fact that global brands like Louis Vuitton and Frette are already looking at India as a manufacturing base for their products, while others are sourcing their requirements from India, the report said. Moreover, the study said, cost advantages, particularly in labour-intensive sectors like leather and accessories would goad manufacturing of foreign brands in the country. The study suggested that in order to promote the luxury cosmetics market, three initiatives were required organizing the sector, promoting standardization and branding organization, and partnerships with international fashion and luxury associations. Corporatization of the luxury cosmetics sector will bring along with it concepts of organized and innovative marketing, leading to large investments, employments and generating additional revenue streams, the report said. Moreover, it said, the luxury sector needed to be treated in isolation with other retail sectors as the dynamics governing it were significantly different in nature. To reach its potential, the Indian retail sector required significant capital, technology and best practices. One of the key steps towards facilitating the development of the retail sector and in accelerating its growth would be to further ease foreign direct investment in the sector. The constant back and forth on policy decision on retail at the centre also acts as a dampener for luxury brands. The Indian tariff structure also needs to be streamlined. India has one of the highest duties and taxes on imported luxury goods, which drive the grey market and duty free purchases, while the stringent regulatory environment impedes investment by foreign brands. The study called for transparency at all levels for duties and taxes, and a thorough revision of rules and regulations. Luxury skincare, cosmetics, hair care, fragrances have emerged as thriving sectors and so remarkably proved that often European or US educated brand conscious Indian women. The customers first encounter at any departmental store like Shoppers Stop, Lifestyle, Essence or mall like Crossroads, Ansals, Metropolitan, often is with fragrances and cosmetic brands thus proving that it is these brands that invite customers to stores. CONCLUSION Global cosmetic industry, a Rs.30000 crore industry, borders are expanding everyday and potential is limitless. The end-user industry of cosmetics and toiletries is amongst the most dynamic industries in world, consistently showing growth rates more than the average GDP growth rate of Europe and displaying an excellent ability to quickly identify and exploit growth areas. As multinational manufacturers seek to generate growth beyond mature core markets, opportunities are opening up in regions around the world. It is a fast-changing industry, with new product launches, new packaging for old products and price pressures that create a tendency towards economy of scale. Where famous brands remain unchanged, presentation becomes even more crucial. Naturally, fashion and beauty fads play a part, hence the so-called essential and natural products. The latest skin creams, facial scrubs, lotions and moisturizers reflect a more fashionable minimalist look for make-up throughout much of the developed world. Changing social attitudes and generally higher disposable incomes also reflect more self-indulgence between both sexes in the use of up-market fragrances and toiletries. With many players in the beauty care industry coming up with innovative products aimed at penetrating into largely untapped markets, the future looks bright. The cosmetic industry worldwide continues to grow. Many companies in beauty care industry are coming up seeking opportunities arising out of the changing environment specifically- socio-cultural and demographic environment, bringing innovative products aimed at merging niche markets and venturing at largely untapped markets. If we look around we find that what existed 20 or 30 years ago has totally changes and the change is transparent Despite of every above fact, this industry faces many challenges-including social, demographic as well as cultural ones. No doubt the changing environment do give opportunities, we have to count deep insight into the sector As a part of change in socio- cultural environment, it includes changes in education, tastes and preferences, urbanization, women empowerment, attitude of people, increased media influence etc. Changes in demographic environment with worldwide population growth, geographical shifts in population, sex composition, household patterns are a must study areas which have potential that can be tapped for expansion and for search of better areas or untapped markets.

Computer Networks :: essays research papers

Computer Networks Computers by themselves are useful tools. But once they are interconnected, they surge in usefulness and suddenly become media. One computer is connected into a network which is then patched into a network of networks. Computer networks have the potential to break the monopolies of media institutions. With networks, there is a shift from centralized, one-way media to dispersed, infinite-way communication. Every audience member in the world can at the same time be an information provider. Channels of information creation and distribution become cheaper and broader until we have limitless bandwidth and storage capacity. This technology comes with a cautionary note. Every emergent media technology has been hailed as the harbinger of popular expression. Yet each new media is used for commercial ends by those in control of power. Newspapers, radios, and television have become institutionalized and continue to institutionalize as they are purchased by larger and larger conglomerates. Adver tiser-supported media has become a top-down business. The audience is, after all, not the consumer in television. That role lies with the sponsor. The sponsor purchases advertising time and decides what it is they want to support. Television, and other media forms, are dominated by these sponsors supporting what they perceive is what their consumers want, or what they want their particular product to be associated with. The question is whether computer networks will go this route. Computer networks are prone to some of the same problems as traditional media. Though anyone can place something on the World Wide Web, it becomes increasingly difficult to make that web page known to the general Internet audience. Large media-entities are able to create flashy, innovative sites that make personal sites look frumpy, and quickly passed over. An analogy can be drawn between television and the Internet. Anyone can videotape a subject, and with a little time, edit it into a program. But compare the quality of what the private individual can make within their budget (an 8mm video camera, perhaps two VCRs for dubbing) versus television companies with hundreds of thousands of dollars. But computer networks have several saving graces. Distribution becomes limitless. Television, radio, and even newspapers (due to high publishing costs) have limited bandwidth. Computer networks can carry virtually limitless amounts of data at piddling costs, "the electromagnetic spectrum is not scarce but nearly limitless" (Gilder 129). That private videomaker can not distribute his video independently unless he is very wealthy.

Impact of dancehall music on society Essay

Dancehall, like most music, is a form of self-expression. It is an art form through which the artiste can relate to events and issues of their lives. Its popularity forces its involvement into most events with its pulsating rhythms and catchy lyrics. The influence of dancehall music on society has contributed heavily to the violent and sexual behaviour and increase in drug use among youth. Dancehall music is a culture which impacts fashion, style and body language. Its elevation of sexual immorality, drug abuse and violence to the young impressionable minds, who adopt these things as part of their daily lifestyle, shows how it has influenced their behavioural pattern. Dancehall music in today’s society exposes the minds of young people to violence. It is believed that the lyrics in the music influence violent behaviour on a subliminal level. This influences the youth to behave violently and deem it as acceptable behaviour. The more the youth listens to the music the more their actions are influenced and persuaded to be involved and even encourage violence. The lyrics in the songs play a vital role in shaping the listeners as well as giving some insight on the kind of person behind the lyrics. Many artistes have found themselves in trouble with the law, ranging from misdemeanours to felonies, and their backgrounds and their lyrics are usually correlated. The glorification of sexual immorality is a popular theme in dancehall music. The promotion of promiscuous behaviour and sexual acts are a common fixture in the genre and the lyrical content tends to influence its youthful listeners. The immoral sexual behaviour of the youth is due to the stimulating effect of sexual music and they tend to gravitate towards it believing that it is acceptable conduct. In turn this raises public health concerns in regards to sexually transmitted diseases, teenage pregnancy and the human immunodeficiency virus and gives an unhealthy view on sex. Research has shown that there is a correlation between dancehall music and the proliferation of sexual activities. The findings revealed that females more than males were more likely to respond psychologically to the  lyrical content of the dancehall genre and that the music is highly influential and can create negative impacts on youths, who imitate these negative acts. The evidence indicates that another neg ative message dancehall music is promoting are drugs and drug abuse especially that of marijuana. Dancehall music is having a negative impact on youth through drugs because various youth who listen to dancehall are smoking drugs or are being influenced to smoke drugs. The influences are derived from the lyrical content of the music or by friends who were influenced before. The promotion of marijuana on the market for students causes them to go out of their way to smoke or sell to others to earn money and sometimes make a living. At present adolescents are forming gangs, abusing drugs, fighting, showing a lack of respect to elders and creating pornographic movies on mobile phones as well as altering uniforms to match fashion trends. These behavioural patterns not only have a massive negative impact on the academic performance of the youth but also on their health and lives. There is no doubt that the influence of music on a whole on people is phenomenal. Therefore there is no reason to doubt the extensive effect of dancehall music on the minds of the youth. There is a strong relationship between dancehall music, sexual immorality, drug abuse and violence. Music plays an important role in the development of youths and the admiration of the sexual and violent behaviour which are portrayed by dancehall artiste damages our society and the youth are at risk of falling into that lifestyle. The impact of dancehall cannot be denied. There is a need for parents to control what their children listen to while broadcasters should also regulate what they air to protect society from absorbing a behaviour that doesn’t support good morals and values.